Possible High Ice Particle Production during Graupel–Graupel Collisions

In a cold room collisions of two ice spheres having different growth modes were studied to examine ice production. The production of ice particles through this process was high, with a maximum rate more than 800 per collision at −16°C. This ice particle production mechanism is different from the Hallett–Mossop ice multiplication process and may help to explain the high concentrations of ice crystals observed in maritime winter cumuli.