Synchrosqueezing S-Transform and Its Application in Seismic Spectral Decomposition

The synchrosqueezing transform (SST) is a novel approach for time-frequency (T-F) representation of non-stationary signals. By synchrosqueezing and reassigning the T-F spectrum of the wavelet transform (WT) or the short time Fourier transform (STFT) of a signal, the SST can obtain a high-resolution T-F spectrum. In the light of the superiority of S-transform (ST) over the WT and the STFT, especially, in representing a high-frequency weak-amplitude signal on its T-F spectrum, we propose a synchrosqueezing S-transform (SSST) which is realized by synchrosqueezing the spectrum of the ST. The formulas for the SSST and its inverse transform are derived. Synthetic examples show that the SSST has obviously higher resolution than the ST, and is superior to the SST like the ST to the WT. We then applied the SSST to perform the spectral decomposition of a marine seismic data for natural gas hydrate exploration. The results illustrate that the SSST can be used to well detect frequency spectral anomalies correlated with the gas hydrate and free-gas accumulations. We can also conclude that the SSST is a good potential technique to assist seismic interpretation.