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This study was conducted at the national level to establish a baseline information on the nutritional status of adult Bahraini population by attempting to identify their dietary habits, define the prevalence of obesity, any diet related chronic diseases and possible association with lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. A total number of 2301 person (1118 males and 1183 females) participated in this survey. The target population was adult Bahrainis 19 years of age and over. Data collection included anthropometric measurements, 24 hrs dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire. Lifestyle, eating habits, self-reported health conditions and socio-economic data were collected using a general questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels were determined using finger prick technique. The WHOBMI standards were adopted to define obesity. The dietary data were computerized using Dankost 2000 database (Danish/WHO diet analysis software package based on Middle East foods) and the data were analyzed using Epi Info Software. Results showed high prevalence of overweight (36.7% males and 28.3% females) and obesity (23.3% males and 34.1% females). The consumption of protein, fat and carbohydrates were found to be high. The intake of calcium was around 80% for males and 70% for females of the reference nutrient intakes for the United Kingdom adult population. While the intake of sodium was 300% of the recommended levels, the potassium intake did not exceed 55%. Results also showed that 21% and 37% of males and females, respectively, suffer from anemia, which might be attributed to the deficiency of iron, folic acid, and unhealthy dietary habits, as well as hereditary anemia.