Tuberculosis in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

Tuberculosis remains an important problem in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States, with an estimated 6000 to 9000 new cases annually.1 The case rates are extraordinarily high among indigent patients and substance abusers, and one third of these patients are also infected with HIV.2 Much has been learned about the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, treatment, and prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons over the past several years. We summarize recent developments in these areas, as well as the effects of new antiretroviral therapies on antituberculosis regimens.HIV Infection and Susceptibility to TuberculosisHIV-infected persons are at . . .