High-performance urea electrolysis towards less energy-intensive electrochemical hydrogen production using a bifunctional catalyst electrode

Ni₂P nanoflake arrays on carbon cloth act as an efficient and durable catalyst electrode for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Its two-electrode alkaline electrolyzer needs 1.35 V for 50 mA cm⁻², which is 0.58 V less than that required for pure water splitting.