Beating the Standard Sensitivity-Bandwidth Limit of Cavity-Enhanced Interferometers with Internal Squeezed-Light Generation

The shot-noise limited peak sensitivity of cavity-enhanced interferometric measurement devices, such as gravitational-wave detectors, can be improved by increasing the cavity finesse, even when comparing fixed intracavity light powers. For a fixed light power inside the detector, this comes at the price of a proportional reduction in the detection bandwidth. High sensitivity over a large span of signal frequencies, however, is essential for astronomical observations. It is possible to overcome this standard sensitivity-bandwidth limit using nonclassical correlations in the light field. Here, we investigate the internal squeezing approach, where the parametric amplification process creates a nonclassical correlation directly inside the interferometer cavity. We theoretically analyze the limits of the approach and measure 36% increase in the sensitivity-bandwidth product compared to the classical case. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental demonstration of an improvement in the sensitivity-bandwidth product using internal squeezing, opening the way for a new class of optomechanical force sensing devices.