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Kidney stone affect 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries. The average life time risk of stone formation has been reported in the range of 5-10%. Recurrent stone formation is a common part of the medical care of patients with stone diseases. The aetiology of this disorder is multi factorial and is strongly related to dietary lifestyle habits or practices. Increased rates of hypertension, diabetes and obesity which are linked to nephrolithiasis, also contribute to an increase in stone formation. Hence, this study was undertaken to find out the prevalence among kidney stone patients. Aim and objectives: To assess the prevalence of kidney stone among patients visiting in OPD-1, Dept.ofMaruthuvam (Medicine), National Institute of Siddha and also to find out the risk factors influencing the development of kidney stones especially Family history, inadequate fluid intake, Stress, Over weight and Obesity, Dietary habits and lifestyle modifications, association with other diseases (diabetes, hypertension). Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 666 kalladaippu (kidney stone) patients. Details of factors influencing the formation of kidney stone were obtained using a pretested questionnaire. Results and conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of kidney stone is due to low fluid intake 72.07%(p=0.000),dehydration 67.56% (p=0.012) and dietary habits ofmixed diet 91.59%(p=0.000),, high intake of coffee and tea 57.50%, sodium 64.26%, sugar 49.84%. Life style modifications of smoking 36.03%, alcohol consumption 41.59%, lack of physical activity 42.79%, obesity 54.80% also revealed a high prevalence of this disease.