Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment of Ampicillin in Neonates with Hypoxemic‐Ischemic Encephalopathy in the Setting of Controlled Hypothermia

To our knowledge, this study describes the first pharmacokinetic data of ampicillin in neonates with HIE receiving CH and demonstrates a reduced total body clearance and an increased V_d for ampicillin. Based on these data, modifications to the ampicillin dosing regimens seem appropriate during the period of CH. Dosing regimens of ampicillin 25 and 50 mg/kg/day were able achieve optimal probability of target attainment against all susceptible gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria in a population of neonates with HIE receiving CH for 50% and 100% fT > MIC.