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Differences in the health status and health behaviors of individuals in diverse countries have become of increasing interest. This study examined the health status and health behaviors of the Greek people as compared to citizens of the United States of America (USA). It also provided insights on the health assets of each country, areas in which each country can improve, and how behaviors and cultural differences influence the public health of a nation. Methods of study included observation and interviewing while in Greece, and comparisons of surveillance systems of both nations. Visits were made to private and public health clinics in Greece, as well as to the Greek Ministry of Health, and the Greek Council on Refugees. Selected research studies were also examined. Conclusions were made based on the collection of interviews, observations, public statistics, and research study findings. In further pursuing the health status of Greeks and Americans, four health behaviors were targeted for this study including use of tobacco, nutritional practices, exercise/physical activity, and sleep patterns. Although in 2014, the American death rate was lower (823.7 per 100,000 population) than in Greece (1,041 per 100,000), the average life expectancy was similar in the two countries: 79.8 years in the USA and 80.5 years in Greece. For adults, 56.2% of Greeks are overweight or obese compared to 69.8% of Americans. Many Greeks and Americans do not participate in enough physical activity, 46.6% of Greek adults and 80% of Americans. Greeks typically follow the Mediterranean Diet, but because of economic and sociological factors, recently their diets have been changing to include more convenience foods. Americans are advised to follow the United States Department of Agriculture's MyPlate and the US Dietary Guidelines. However, Americans frequently consume fast foods. Greece has twice the overall prevalence of smoking (40%) than the USA (19%), and in both nations males smoke more than females. American youth use electronic cigarettes more than regular cigarettes, unlike Greek youth who usually smoke regular cigarettes. In some regions of Greece, midday napping is still practiced which can provide numerous health benefits including increased alertness and