Biological Activities and Safety of Citrus spp. Essential Oils

<i>Citrus</i> fruits have been a commercially important crop for thousands of years. In addition, <i>Citrus</i> essential oils are valuable in the perfume, food, and beverage industries, and have also enjoyed use as aromatherapy and medicinal agents. This review summarizes the important biological activities and safety considerations of the essential oils of sweet orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>), bitter orange (<i>Citrus aurantium</i>), neroli (<i>Citrus aurantium</i>), orange petitgrain (<i>Citrus aurantium</i>), mandarin (<i>Citrus reticulata</i>), lemon (<i>Citrus limon</i>), lime (<i>Citrus aurantifolia</i>), grapefruit (<i>Citrus</i> × <i>paradisi</i>), bergamot (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>), Yuzu (<i>Citrus junos</i>), and kumquat (<i>Citrus japonica</i>).