Superior solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency by visible light-driven hydrogen production <i>via</i> highly reduced Ti²⁺/Ti³⁺ states in a blue titanium dioxide photocatalyst

A catalytic hydrogen production system was developed with TiO₂ that contains Ti³⁺/Ti²⁺ reduced states which act as both visible and IR light harvesting components as well as the catalytic site.