In vitro anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potential of leaf extract from Artemisia nilagirica (Clarke) Pamp

In the present investigation, the bioactive compounds from the leaf extract of <i>Artemisia nilagirica</i> showed potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The leaf extract showed a maximum protection of human red blood cells (HRBC) with 74.63% at 20 µg/mL concentration, and the minimum hemolysis was 25.37% in a hypotonic solution with diclofenac as the control. The <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial activity of plant extract against <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Salmonella typhi</i>, <i>Proteus vulgaris</i>, <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>, <i>Bacillus subtilis,</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> was evaluated at various concentrations (50, 100, 150, and 200 µg). The maximum zone of inhibition was observed against <i>P. aeruginosa</i> followed by <i>B. subtilis</i>, <i>S. typhi</i>, <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. coli.</i> The leaf extract also showed potent activity against <i>C. albicans.</i>