Clinical trial recruitment of adult African American smokers from economically disadvantaged urban communities

This investigation evaluated the effectiveness and challenges of multiple recruitment methods, described as proactive, reactive, and combination methods, among adult African American smokers (<i>N</i> = 527) from economically disadvantaged urban communities enrolled to test progressively reduced nicotine content investigational cigarettes. The study evaluated success using descriptive statistics to measure the volume of phone calls and percentage of eligible participants per method. Reactive and combination strategies effectively prompted participants to call about the study. Combination methods yielded the highest eligibility rates. Findings demonstrate the unique recruitment successes within this population across a range of recruitment methods and may inform improved methods to recruit and engage African Americans in clinical trials.