Study on relationships among terminal and instrumental values, environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions for green products

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the functional relationships among terminal and instrumental values, environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions for green products in India in light of the value–attitude–behavior framework. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a hypo-deductive research design. A conceptual model was developed to relate the terminal and instrumental values to environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions, which are substantiated with a comprehensive literature review. Covariance-based structural equation modeling was used along with Anderson and Gerbing’s two-step research approach to measure the dimensions of the measurement model, as well as the specifications of the structural model. Findings The findings of the research indicate that terminal and instrumental values significantly influence environmental consciousness, and environmental consciousness has a significant influence on behavioral intentions. Instrumental value shows a greater influence on environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions, rather than terminal value. Furthermore, this study discloses that environmental consciousness acts as a partial mediator while establishing a link between instrumental/terminal value and behavioral intentions. Research limitations/implications The present research is based on two distinct forms of human values, namely, terminal values and instrumental values. The study found that consumers who favored instrumental values to terminal values revealed a tendency to frame confused and incoherent judgments on environmental issues. Practical implications The study will help green marketing practitioners understand the important role of values, that is, both terminal and instrumental values, in promoting environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions for green products. The findings of the study will facilitate decision-making processes in relation to marketing for green product consumers in the Indian context. Social implications Values are the guiding forces for human behavior, both socially and individually. Moreover, values have a long-lasting impression on consumers in varied forms. This study will pave the way forward by contributing to the societal understanding of consumer values within the realms of human values for green marketing, green consumerism and sustainable businesses. Originality/value The paper is the first attempt of its kind to explore the relationships among two distinct forms of values that are the foundation of human values, namely, terminal and instrumental values, and their effect on environmental consciousness and behavioral intentions for green products in the Indian market. The paper is unique in understanding factors contributing to green marketing beyond consumer values and differs from previous research in specifying the significance of human values.