Fire Sensing Technologies: A Review

The progress on fire sensing technologies has been quite substantial in recent years due to advancements in sensing, information, and communications technologies. In this paper, the authors have discussed the fire sensing technologies and what is essential for the discrepancies in the development of hardware and algorithm. The review presents an overview of the existing state-of-the-art practices in the areas of fire sensing and control system, and it is focused mainly on the excellent capability to detect fire, reduce the detection of false positives, the ability to notify the occupants, passes the information and the status of the fires to the fire department, and the automatic control capability of the occupants' safety and controlling functions. The major elements of the fire moment, such as surrounding heat, flame, smoke, and gases level, are discussed with their merits, demerits, measurement benchmarks, and measuring the span of the parameters. The reasons and controlling parameters of the fire in commercial and residential buildings are also discussed. Research articles on fire sensing technologies also acknowledged the above concerns. However, the importance of robust systems that address all or most of the above-stated benchmarks still remains a challenge and partially addressed. To address the gaps, a modified fire sensing and control system concept has been proposed.