OCCURRENCE, ECOLOGY AND PHYLOGENY OF BANANA STREAK BADNAVIRUS (BSV) AND CUCUMBER MOSAIC CUCUMOVIRUS (CMV) IN MUSA SP. PRODUCTION AREAS OF THE MEDITERRANEAN COASTLINE OF TURKEY

The Banana infecting viruses have an importance in the movement and propagation of plant germplasm, especially in areas where banana is propagated vegetatively. During field surveys 118 banana leaf samples have been tested by DAS-ELISA, PCR and RT-PCR have shown malformation, necrosis, chlorotic streak and mosaic symptoms collected from Mediterranean Coast Line (Adana, Antalya and Mersin provinces) of Turkey in 2015 and 2016. For diagnosis of CMV, BBTV, BSV, TMV, PVY, WMMV, PRSV, BCMV and TSWV pathogens that cause severe crop loss in banana plantations firstly, serological tests have been conducted using DAS-ELISA immune kit. Further identification and confirmation studies by PCR and RT-PCR from leaf samples exhibiting mild chlorotic streaks and mosaics on leaves, typical infection of Banana streak mosaic virus (BSV) and Cucumber mosaic cucumovrus (CMV) were used. Their symptoms were truly matched in PCR (BSV & CMV) and DAS-ELISA (CMV) analyses. Disease incidence was consequently estimated between 17.79% (CMV) and 4.23% (BSV). This is the first molecular evidence for BSV or BSV mixed with CMV in banana in Turkey. Sequence information of PCR products were obtained from Hoplotypes and searched on BLAST system of NCBI. Phylogenetic analyses have informed the origin and ecology of CMV in bananas which were infected by vegetables grown inside the banana greenhouses The banana BSV isolate was in the same group isolates that were obtained in Kenya, Congo, Australia, China and India.