Measurement of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>production at large transverse momentum in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">−</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>p,<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>π</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>p, and<i>pp</i>collisions at 300 GeV/<i>c</i>

Cross sections for inclusive ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ production at large transverse momentum ${p}_{T}$ were measured in ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$p, ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$p, and pp collisions at 300 GeV/c. The cross-section ratio \ensuremath{\sigma}(${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$X)/\ensuremath{\sigma}(${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$X) was found to be consistent with unity in the ${p}_{T}$ region of 1 to 5 GeV/c. The cross-section ratio \ensuremath{\sigma}(${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$X)/\ensuremath{\sigma}(pp\ensuremath{\rightarrow}${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$X) however is growing with increasing ${p}_{T}$ and increasing ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ c.m.-system rapidity in agreement with parton-model expectations, where the partons in the pions have on average higher momenta than in the proton.