Probiotic BSH Activity and Anti-Obesity Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Strain TCI378 Isolated from Korean Kimchi

<i>Lactobacillus</i> (<i>Lab</i>.) is a human probiotic beneficial for the prevention and improvement of disease, yet properties of different <i>Lab.</i> strains are diverse. To obtain a <i>Lab.</i> strain that possesses greater potential against gastrointestinal dysfunction, we isolated <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> TCI378 (TCI378) from naturally fermented Korean kimchi. TCI378 has shown potential as probiotic since it can survive at pH 3.0 and in the presence of 0.3% bile acid. The bile salt hydrolase activity of TCI378 was shown by formation of opaque granular white colonies on solid de Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) medium supplemented with taurodeoxycholic acid, and its cholesterol-lowering ability in MRS medium supplemented with cholesterol. The metabolites of TCI378 from liquid culture in MRS medium prevented emulsification of bile salts. Moreover, both the metabolites of TCI378 and the dead bacteria reduced oil droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1, as detected by Oil red O staining. The expressions of adipocyte-specific genes <i>perilipin 1</i> and <i>glucose transporter type 4</i> were suppressed by the metabolites of TCI378, indicating TCI378 may have anti-obesity effects in adipocytes. These <i>in vitro</i> data show the potential of the prophylactic applications of TCI378 and its metabolites for reducing fat and lowering cholesterol.