The newly proposed International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification and its relevance to cervical cytology screening assessed in a prospective 2‐year study of 118 cases

Abstract Background It is generally acknowledged that interobserver variability for the histological diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma ( EA ) subtypes is suboptimal. The recently proposed International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification ( IECC ) system is based on the presence of associated human papilloma virus ( HPV ) infection. It recognises HPV ‐associated EA s and non‐ HPV ‐associated EA s. Methods This prospective cytology‐histology and molecular genetics‐based study investigated the potential effect of IECC being applied to Papanicolaou (Pap) test with regard to the diagnostic accuracy of severe glandular lesions reported at least as adenocarcinoma in situ ( AIS ). Results Out of 118 liquid‐based cytology Pap tests with AIS + lesion, complete information on follow‐up biopsy and HPV status was available in 51 cases. AIS and EA category correlated with histologically confirmed AIS / EA in 88.5% (23/26) and 70.5% (12/17) of cases, respectively. Interestingly, 93% (40/43) of cases diagnosed as AIS / EA were HPV positive and 7% (3/43) were HPV negative (originating in the cervix, endometrium and adnexa). Conclusions Our findings suggest that this approach could possibly divide Pap tests containing severe glandular lesion into two groups: (a) robust diagnosis of HPV ‐associated EA and (b) non‐ HPV associated glandular lesions of heterogeneous origin, requiring further clinical preoperative diagnostic workup.