Combined Amelioration of Prebiotic Resveratrol and Probiotic <i>Bifidobacteria</i> on Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity are becoming increasingly common globally and characteristic as gut microbiota disturbance. Supplement of probiotics is considered as a promising strategy for NAFLD and obesity treatment. However, this effect varied from each other in clinical trials. We proposed that combination with a prebiotic substrate may improve the effects of probiotics. Thus, in this study, we investigated the separated and combined effects of <i>Bifidobacteria</i> and resveratrol (RSV) against obesity and NAFLD. NAFLD was caused by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding for 8 weeks. HFD-treated mice were orally treated with <i>B. longum</i> (1 × 10⁹ CFU/mouse/day), RSV (100 mg/kg/day), and both of them from the fifth week. HFD feeding caused obesity and NAFLD as indicated by significantly increased body and liver weights, liver steatosis, elevated serum transaminases and lipid profiles, increased inflammation and imbalanced redox status. Based on these physical and biochemical parameters, inflammatory and antioxidant markers, individual administration of <i>B. longum</i> and RSV alleviated obesity and NAFLD, while coadministration of both products further enhanced the efficacy. These data suggested that combined prebiotic RSV and probiotic <i>B. longum</i> would be a potential candidate or adjuvant for the treatment of obesity and NAFLD.