Enhancing the Fast Charging Capability of High-Energy-Density Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Pack Design Perspective

In recent years, Lithium-ION (LI-ION) battery packs have been the dominant energy storage system (ESS) in electrified transportation applications such as material handling, robotics, and electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. These applications prefer a high-energy-density and lightweight ESS owing to size and weight limitations. However, they are often equipped with an oversized battery pack to mitigate the long downtime due to the low charging rates (1C) of high-energydensity Li-ion batteries. Fast charging is a potential solution to create a "filling a tank" experience that has recently drawn tremendous interest from researchers and the industry.