Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and pain education for people with chronic pain: Tests of treatment mechanisms.

Results suggest a complex set of mechanistic relationships. Instead of a unidirectional path from designated mechanism to designated outcome, our results suggest reciprocal influences whereby cognitive changes may beget outcome improvements and vice versa. Results also suggest that cognitive changes do not occur solely in a treatment that uses cognitive restructuring to foster such changes but may occur as a function of providing people with detailed information regarding the biopsychosocial nature of chronic pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).