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The importance of plant-derived non-timber forest products (NTFP) has been recognized in rural livelihoods and forest conservation, contributing significantly to the local economy in developing countries, such as Liberia, many with major cultural values, as food, fodder, and building materials. The collection and circulation of indigenous knowledge on the use of NTFP to a broader audience can contribute to conservation biodiversity and poverty alleviation. Preserving the ethnobotanical knowledge surrounding NTFP adds value to the recreational environment as well as improves livelihood through sustainable ecosystems. This chapter aims to record indigenous knowledge regarding plants and their traditional uses and to assess how this knowledge is distributed across communities within seven counties in Liberia. Surveys conducted among 1165 household respondents (42% female and 58% male) in 82 communities within seven Liberian counties provided information on the socioeconomic characteristics of various households and the ethnobotany of NTFP in Liberia. A total of 114 plant species were cited by respondents to the ethnobotanical survey and were categorized into six clusters based on their use, origin, and processing or application; 69 (61%) were categorized as medicinals, 3 (3%) as spices, 13 (11%) as colas and edible fruits, 7 (6%) as indigenous vegetables and mushrooms, 18 (16%) as nuts and edible oils, and 4 (3%) as building materials and fibers. The study emphasized the immense knowledge of local communities about the traditional use of natural plant resources.