Etiology-Dependent Impairment of Diastolic Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Although t-tubule disruption and impaired cardiomyocyte Ca²⁺ release are hallmarks of HFrEF, such changes are not prominent in HFpEF. Impaired diastolic Ca²⁺ homeostasis occurs in both conditions, but in HFpEF, this mechanism for diastolic dysfunction is etiology-dependent.