Effect of injection parameters and producer gas derived from redgram stalk on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine

The improvement in performance has been observed by changing the injector nozzle's geometry of the dual-fuel liquid–gas engine. The combined effect of injector parameters and producer gas (PG) derived from the redgram stalk on the performance and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel diesel/Honge Oil Methyl Ester (HOME)-PG operated CI engine has been studied. The injector nozzles with 4, 5, and 6 holes (diameter of 0.2, 0.25, and 0.3 mm) were analyzed. Diesel-PG operation with 4 holes, 0.25 mm diameter nozzle and HOME-PG operation with 6 holes, 0.25 mm diameter nozzle resulted in better performance and lower emissions. Diesel-PG operation has 4.5% higher BTE (brake thermal efficiency) with a 4 hole nozzle and 0.7% higher for a 0.25 mm diameter 6 holes nozzle than HOME-PG operation. The HOME-PG operation results showed that the with an injection opening pressure of 240 bar, 6-hole nozzle, and a diameter of 0.25 mm have an improved BTE of 5.8% with emission levels 15–30% lower than those of other geometries.