Etude D'Un Modele D'Inversion Liant L'Emissivite a L'Humidite Des Sols. Contribution a la Mise Au Point De L'Algorithme De la Mission Smos

The work which we present takes place within the framework of mission SMOS of the ESA which will consist to send a radiometer (1.4 GHz) in space. The goal of the research which we propose is the improvement of the comprehension of the effects of structure soil and litter. The effects of the litter and heterogeneities of the ground are probably important but still ignored. Its effect can be corrected via a simple radiative model. It is thus necessary to set up an analytical model which would make it possible to correct the effect of this additional layer. The objective of this article is to present the analytical models which we retained to correct the effect of the vegetation and the litter in order to know the emissivity of the bare soil. We developed a numerical model (with software HFSS) of calculation of the emissivity of multi-layer systems in order to validate the results of the forward inversion models. Ranges of permittivity are introduced with the model in order to take account of the disturbances related to measurement and the variation of the water content of the layers.