Carbon dioxide adsorption based on porous materials

Global warming due to the high concentration of anthropogenic CO₂ in the atmosphere is considered one of the world's leading challenges in the 21^st century as it leads to severe consequences such as climate change, extreme weather events, ocean warming, sea-level rise, declining Arctic sea ice, and the acidification of oceans. This encouraged advancing technologies that sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or capture those emitted before entering the carbon cycle. Recently, CO₂ capture, utilizing porous materials was established as a very favorable route, which has drawn extreme interest from scientists and engineers due to their advantages over the absorption approach. In this review, we summarize developments in porous adsorbents for CO₂ capture with emphasis on recent studies. Highly efficient porous adsorption materials including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), zeolites, mesoporous silica, clay, porous carbons, porous organic polymers (POP), and metal oxides (MO) are discussed. Besides, advanced strategies employed to increase the performance of CO₂ adsorption capacity to overcome their drawbacks have been discoursed.