The study of soluble solids content accumulation dynamics under the influence of weather factors in the fruits of cherries

High tasting assessment of the fruit of sweet cherry is due to the favorable soluble solids content (SSC). The weather parameters and varietal features during the formation of fruit have the dominant influence on the accumulation of soluble solids. This issue has gained new relevance in the context of global climate change. The research aimed to develop a dependence of the accumulation of soluble solids of the various sorts of sweet cherries on the weather conditions of the South Steppe zone of Ukraine. Statistical analysis of the values of soluble solids in sweet cherry fruit was performed according to the average indicators of three groups of cultivars. To achieve this goal, the laboratory, factor, correlation, and regression analyses were carried out. The mathematical model was built with the application of factor and regression analysis methods, with the principal component analysis being used. The factor and regression analysis methods became the basis for the linear regression model of dependence of SSC fund accumulation on the influence of climatic parameters for the cultivar types of the three ripening terms. Based on the constructed regression models, we analyzed the degree of influence of the weather parameters on the SSC indicator by calculating the coefficients of Δi relative influence. The largest influence was set for the group of temperature and humidity parameters with the maximum share of Δi ≥9.50%. It was mathematically substantiated that the weather parameters of the last month of fruit formation had the greatest influence on the accumulation of SSC in the sweet cherry fruit, regardless of the period of ripening. For early and medium ripening sweet cherries, those were the weather parameters for May, and for those of late-term of ripening June parameters were of the maximum value.