A review on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), materials and applications

In recent years, the perovskite solar cells have gained much attention because of their ever-increasing power conversion efficiency (PCE), simple solution fabrication process, flyable, light-weight wearable and deployable for ultra-lightweight space and low-cost materials constituents etc. Over the last few years, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has surpassed 25% due to high-quality perovskite-film accomplished through low-temperature synthesis techniques along with developing suitable interface and electrode-materials. Besides, the stability of perovskite solar cells has attracted much well-deserved attention. In this article we have focused on recent progress of the perovskite solar cells regarding their crystallinity, morphology and synthesis techniques. Also, demonstrated different layers such as electron transport-layers (ETLs), hole transport-layers (HTLs) and buffer-layers utilized in perovskite solar-cells, considering their band gap, carrier mobility, transmittance etc. Outlook of various tin (Sn), carbon and polymer-based perovskite solar cells and their potential of commercialization feasibility has also been discussed.