Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cylindrical interstitial laser ablation (CILA) on in vivo porcine pancreas

This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of cylindrical interstitial laser ablation (CILA) in porcine pancreatic tissue to develop a EUS-guided PC ablation technique with enhanced safety. A diffusing applicator created a uniformly symmetrical laser ablation in pancreatic tissue. <i>Ex vivo</i> tests presented that both ablation thickness and volume increased linearly with the applied power (R² = 0.96 and 0.90, respectively) without carbonization and fiber degradation. The numerical simulations matched well with the experimental results in terms of temperature development and thermal damage (deviation of ≤ 15%). <i>In vivo</i> tests with EUS confirmed easy insertion and high durability of the diffusing applicator. EUS-guided CILA warranted a feasible therapeutic capacity of ablating <i>in vivo</i> pancreatic tissue. The proposed EUS-guided CILA can be a feasible therapeutic approach to treat PC with predictable thermal ablation and enhanced safety.