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Background. Worldwide, the number of people suffering from gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary diseases is increasing annually, and, therefore, they need specialized gastroenterological assistance. The objective is to identify the features of the dynamics, the ratio of the prevalence and incidence of digestive system diseases (DSD) in Ukraine in 2014–2017. Materials and methods. Structural and logical analysis, clinical and statistical methods were used in the work. The study of indicators was carried out based on the analysis of materials of official statistics of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine during 2014–2017. Results. The share of DSD in the general structure of prevalence according to the disease class among the entire population is 9.8 % and ranks third (43 nosologies in total), in the morbidity structure — 4.1 % and ranks seventh. The index of DSD accumulation among the adult population of Ukraine has grown by 3.4 % for 4 years. All age groups suffer from gastrointestinal diseases: the majority of patients are of working age, the frequency of DSD among children is twice as low, the prevalence among the urban population is 2 times higher than among the rural population. The highest incidence rate in 2017 (more than 4 thousand per 100 thousand population) was recorded in Transcarpathian, Ivano-Frankivsk and Rivne regions; the lowest (below 2 thousand per 100 thousand population) — in Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions. The highest prevalence (more than 22 thousand per 100 thousand population) is registered in the Dnipropetrovsk, Kyiv and Chernihiv regions; the lowest (less than 12 thousand per 100 thousand population) — in Zaporizhzhia, Lviv and Volyn regions. Conclusions. The presented results indicate the medical and social relevance of digestive system diseases that necessitates the development and implementation of new methods for the diagnosis and treatment in practical public healthcare, as well as a comprehensive organizational health strategy in the field of gastroenterology, both at the state and regional levels.