The Theoretical Description of the Transverse Momentum Spectra: A Unified Model

Analysis of transverse momentum distributions is a useful tool to understand the dynamics of relativistic particles produced in high-energy collisions. Finding a proper distribution function to approximate the spectra is a vastly developing area of research in particle physics. In this work, we have provided a detailed theoretical description of the unified statistical framework in high-energy physics. We have tested the applicability of this framework on experimental data by analyzing the transverse momentum spectra of pion produced in heavy-ion collision at RHIC and LHC. We have also attempted to explain the transverse momentum spectra of charged hadrons formed in pp collision at different energies using the unified statistical framework. This formalism has been proved to nicely explain the spectra of particles produced in soft processes as well as hard scattering processes in a consistent manner.