Harvesting Multidirectional Breeze Energy and Self‐Powered Intelligent Fire Detection Systems Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator and Fluid‐Dynamic Modeling

Abstract Fire warning and monitoring are very important for public safety and environmental protection. However, most of the proposed wind energy conversion devices based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) only work for unidirectional and high‐speed wind and face the challenge of fatigue damage and even failure caused by cyclic stress. Moreover, TENG guided by the theory of fluid dynamics needs further exploration. Herein, a flow‐induced vibration effect based TENG (F‐TENG) for continuously capturing and monitoring multidirectional breeze (1.8–4.3 m s −1 ) is developed to build a self‐powered intelligent fire detection system (SIFDS). A dynamic model is proposed to study the intrinsic interaction between the electrical properties of F‐TENG and wind. Since the model optimized F‐TENG is more adaptable to wind characteristics, it delivers better performance and higher durability compared with previous studies. Relying on the dynamic model and combining the relationship between F‐TENG's electrical output and wind characteristics, a self‐powered visual wind sensing system is obtained. F‐TENG successfully drives some electronic devices to monitor environmental information, which is expected to provide data for SIFDS to reduce fire hazards. This study can provide an in‐depth understanding of the electromechanical conversion mechanism and large‐scale capture and utilization of breeze energy.