Software development for cloud and internet-of-things (IoT) based remotely controlled four-dimensional (4D) electrical resistivity tomography

Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is an important method for exploring oil and gas formations, mineral deposits, and groundwater resources. However, most ERT instruments have limitations such as complicated human–computer interaction, few measurement parameters, difficulties in remote monitoring, and lack of four-dimensional (4D) exploration functions. To overcome these limitations, in this study we proposed and developed software for a remote control 4D ERT system based on a cloud platform and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Specifically, acquisition device control, channel and control, acquisition control, and remote monitoring systems were designed, with various modules being debugged and optimized multiple times. The system is equipped with a 4G module, through which the collected data are transmitted to the cloud platform to realize real-time, stable, and long-distance data acquisition and transmission. Furthermore, the system realizes remote monitoring, real-time measurement, and other functions via the cloud and IoT technology, thereby providing strong technical support for achieving 4D exploration. The developed system was empirically evaluated by applying it to explore the Gequ Landslide area in Jainca County, Qinghai Province, China. The exploration results indicate that the system software has stable functions and high intelligence; thus it satisfies the requirements for field exploration.