Metal-halide perovskite-based edge emitting lasers

Edge-emitting metal halide perovskites-based 1 st order distributed feedback lasers are realized and studied for the first time. The properties and performances of these devices are compared in details to those of the well-studied 2 nd order DFB perovskite lasers. As expected, 1 st order lasers exhibit superior properties in terms of edge emission, rendering them highly attractive for applications such as photonic integrated circuits. In addition, it is found that, unexpectedly, the threshold levels of the 1 st order lasers are higher than those of the 2 nd order devices. We show that this phenomenon stems from the efficiency of the optical excitation which depends on the incidence angle and the gratings period.