Collaboration enhanced hybrid fuzzy decision-making approach to analyze the renewable energy investment projects

The aim of this study is to examine the cost management strategies of low-carbon renewable energy projects. This manuscript has important contributions by evaluating different cost-management to increase renewable energy investment projects. Owing to the analysis results of this study, the ways to minimize carbon emission problem can be presented. Additionally, another important contribution of this study is to generate a novel hybrid model based on Pythagorean fuzzy DEMATEL, TOPSIS and Shapley value to find appropriate policies to improve these projects. Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed model is measured for each cooperative cost management strategy by using the VIKOR method. In addition, sensitivity analysis is also applied with 5 cases for both the TOPSIS and VIKOR methods by changing the weighting results of the criteria consecutively. It is defined that the proposed model is coherent and applicable for the further studies. Moreover, the ranking results of the sensitivity analysis are also consistent with the different cases. The results indicate that internal process has always the lowest costs for the solar energy alternatives. In addition, customer is the lowest cost factor with respect to the wind energy alternative. Thus, it is obvious that improving the qualification of the employees is essential for the improvement of the solar energy projects. Moreover, the effectiveness of the wind energy investments can be increased with the help of giving significance to the customers. Furthermore, it is also concluded that when the level of the cooperation increases, the efficiency of the investments can be higher. Another important point is that if the investors prefer to make weak or strong cooperative cost management strategy, they should primarily focus on solar energy projects because they have lower costs in comparison with other alternatives.