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Vaviloid spike branching, also called sham ramification, is a typical trait of <i>Triticum vavilovii</i> Jakubz. and is characterized by a lengthening of the spikelet axis. In this article, we present the results of a study of three triticale-wheat hybrid lines with differences in terms of the manifestation of the vaviloid spike branching. Lines were obtained by crossing triticale with hexaploid wheat, <i>T. aestivum</i> var. <i>velutinum</i>. The parental triticale is a hybrid of synthetic wheat (<i>T. durum</i> × <i>Ae. tauschii</i> var. <i>meyrei</i>) with rye, <i>S. cereale</i> ssp. <i>segetale</i>. Line 857 has a karyotype corresponding to hexaploid wheat and has a spike morphology closest to normal, whereas Lines 808/1 and 844/4 are characterized by the greatest manifestation of vaviloid spike branching. In Lines 808/1 and 844/4, we found the substitution 2RL(2DL). The karyotypes of the latter lines differ in that a pair of telocentric chromosomes 2DS is detected in Line 808/1, and these telocentrics are fused into one unpaired chromosome in Line 844/4. Using molecular genetic analysis, we found a deletion of the wheat domestication gene <i>Q</i> located on 5AL in the three studied hybrid lines. The deletion is local since an analysis of the adjacent gene <i>B1</i> showed the presence of this gene. We assume that the manifestation of vaviloid spike branching in two lines (808/1 and 844/4) is associated with a disturbance in the joint action of genes <i>Q</i> and <i>AP2L2-2D</i>, which is another important gene that determines spike morphology and is located on 2DL.