The COVID-19 pandemic impact on the global tourism industry SMEs: a human capital development perspective

Purpose This paper aims to propose a model for increasing human capital competitiveness in the tourism sector in emerging economies. Using Indonesia as an example, the authors study the extent of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact and the sector’s resilience. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected using a survey of 199 tourism workers in Magelang city in Central Java Island. The data was analyzed using structural equation model with Smart PLS. Findings The results confirm that social and human capital influence business success. Furthermore, innovation moderates the influence of human capital and social capital on business success. Originality/value By conducting a primary survey with the tourism workers and those who work and interact with the tourism industry in Indonesia, the authors show how a promising approach to creating and sharing agile knowledge can enhance the tourism industry micro, small and medium enterprises in emerging economies during and post-COVID-19 pandemic and after.