A Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Panel to Genotype Gliomas

Gliomas account for the majority of primary brain tumors. Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant type. Based on their extreme molecular heterogeneity, molecular markers can be used to classify gliomas and stratify patients into diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic clusters. In this work, we developed and validated a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to analyze variants or chromosomal aberrations correlated with tumorigenesis and response to treatment in gliomas. Our targeted NGS analysis covered 13 glioma-related genes (<i>ACVR1</i>, <i>ATRX</i>, <i>BRAF</i>, <i>CDKN2A</i>, <i>EGFR</i>, <i>H3F3A</i>, <i>HIST1H3B</i>, <i>HIST1H3C</i>, <i>IDH1</i>, <i>IDH2</i>, <i>P53</i>, <i>PDGFRA</i>, <i>PTEN</i>), a 125 bp region of the <i>TERT</i> promoter, and 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) along chromosomes 1 and 19 for reliable assessment of their copy number alterations (CNAs). Our targeted NGS approach provided a portrait of gliomas' molecular heterogeneity with high accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity in a single workflow, enabling the detection of variants associated with unfavorable outcomes, disease progression, and drug resistance. These preliminary results support its use in routine diagnostic neuropathology.