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Context: Geriatric mental health is an emerging public health concern of paramount importance. There is a dearth of community studies on the mental health status of the elderly tribal population. Objectives: The objective of the study is to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among the elderly tribal population and assess the sociodemographic factors associated with it. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among elderly tribes of HD Kote, Mysuru, with a sample size of 339 by multistage sampling method. A house-to-house interview was conducted using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire, and anxiety was assessed using Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 and depression using Kannada Geriatric Depression Scale-15. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 (licensed to the institution). Descriptive representation was done using proportions, mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range. Inferential statistics such as Chi-square analysis/Fisher's exact analysis were used. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of anxiety was 8.2% of which 4.7%, 2.9%, and 0.6% had mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, respectively. Occupation, financial dependency, and comorbid status were significantly associated with anxiety. The overall prevalence of depression was 22.4%, of which 18.9% and 3.5% had moderate and severe depression, respectively. Gender, occupation, marital status, living status, financial dependency, personal habits, comorbid status, and functional disability were significantly associated with depression. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression deserve the same consideration and remedy as any other illness among the elderly. A concerted effort from the public and private sectors is essential to promote mental health in this vulnerable population.