Mycotoxines majeures et émergentes dans les filières cidre et vin : observatoire, lutte biologique au champ et devenir au cours des procédés..

3500 samples of fungal flora were studied for their diversity and their potential to antagonize mycotoxinogenic flora. 45 were characterized with respect to their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of Penicillium expansum and Aspergillus carbonarius as well as the production of patulin and ochratoxin A. The most promising strains were tested as antagonists in organic and conventional vineyards and orchards as well as in production with varying degrees of success. Following this program, the cider industry has a patulin labeling method with 13C. The cytotoxicity tests carried out on ascladiol and deoxypatulinic acid showed their absence of toxicity. Finally, the two sectors have screening methods to quickly set up additional experiments in the event of natural contamination linked to changes in climate and practices.