Optimum structure of a combined wind/photovoltaic/fuel cell-based on amended Dragon Fly optimization algorithm: a case study

This study proposes a new optimal hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) arrangement, including a photovoltaic system, wind turbine, and fuel cell, for electrifying a remote area in Turkey. The study is based on considering system cost and reliability. To deliver an optimal configuration, system sizing has been designed based on an Amended version of the DragonFly optimizer. The achievements of the method have been then compared with some other published methods, including Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO)-based algorithm and Firefly (FA)-based method. Simulation results show that the proposed method with 1,888,827.5 USD provides the minimum Net Present Cost value among the others. The main idea is to assess the objective function by lessening the Net Present Cost (NPC) by confirming based on the loss of power supply probability (LPSP). Final simulations indicated that the proposed approach provides lower NPC and LCOE toward the others.