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Malignant neoplasms are currently a severe medical challenge and the second leading cause of death worldwide. The modern anesthesia applied may improve the patient outcome. This paper presents a review of anesthesia management related to patients with gynaecologic malignancies. It includes the influence of the type of anesthesia on cancer recurrence, application of regional anesthesia in gynaecologic oncologic surgery, and selected aspects of anesthesia for robotic surgery. We performed a literature search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinical Trials. The database search focused on the topics related to anesthesia in gynecological oncology. The authors also contributed through individual, independent literature searches.