ffect of fertilization by fresh or decomposing manure and/ or spraying by new natural substance on Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) disease incidence, some yield characters and grains components

Maize genotypes reactions against turcicum leaf blight (TLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum showed high disease incidence in case of fertilized by fresh animal manure comparing with which fertilized by decomposing animal manure (5-6 weeks old) and control treatment (no fertilized manure). Moreover, the fertilized by fresh animal manure resulted in increased disease severity and decreased all tested yield characters and also decreased considerable grains components , indicating the complex danger of using fertilized by fresh animal manure. On the other hand, maize hybrids (SC10 and SC 176) were have suitable level of resistance to tested disease comparing with open pollinated variety (balady). The obtained results showed also that, turcicum leaf blight disease was recorded high disease severity, approximately because the climatic conditions were very suitable for development infection by TLB. Moreover, the obtained results also indicated high yield production (kg/2rows), high weight of 100 kernels, high germination %, high length of both of radical and plume cm as well as high length of plants, and high percent of grain components ( oil %, carbohydrates%, fiber%, silica , phenols, protein % ),all were obtained from plots which were fertilized by decomposing animal manure (5-6 weeks old) comparing with untreated control treatment, while, fertilized by fresh animal manure resulted in lowest values of all characters which mentioned above, with except of ash% and EC which were increased, indicating the considerable of fertilized by decomposing manure . Overall, this study recommended never use of fresh farmyard animal manure in fertilization of the soil.