Evaluation of PRDM1 gene polymorphism with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a cohort of Egyptian patients

The third most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). and it is the sixth most common primary malignancy overall. Egypt had the hepatitis C virus’s highest prevalence (HCV). A critical topic of study is the association between HCV and HCC. PR domain zinc finger protein 1(PRDM1) functions as a tumor suppressor in B and T cells and is critical for plasma cell development and the exhaustion of T lymphocytes caused by cancer and chronic viral infections. Aim: This study aimed to compare Egyptian patients with HCC to a control group to determine the allele frequencies and genotype of the rs1010273 PRDM1 gene polymorphism.Method: 200 Egyptian patients (100 HCC and 100 control). All participants underwent laboratory evaluations, comprising hepatitis markers (HBsAg, anti-HCV-Ab), liver function tests, serum alpha-fetoprotein, and complete blood count. Using the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay method, the PRDM1 rs1010273 was genotyped.Results: Unlike healthy controls, the HCC patients had a greater frequency of the GA genotype (43% vs. 20%) and the A allele (26.5% vs. 10%). A significant difference was found between the GA and A allele of PRDM1 genotype of HCC patients and controls (P<.001).Conclusion: A statistically significant and greater frequency of the A allele and GA genotype was found in HCC patients compared to controls, indicating a relationship between the PRDM1 AA+GA gene polymorphism and the HCC Egyptian population. The A allele was assumed to be a risk factor for HCC (OR=11.212). SNP (rs1010273G/A) may be an optional valuable marker.