Effects of Delayed Graft Function on Transplant Outcomes: A Meta-analysis

Delayed graft function (DGF) is a frequent complication of kidney transplantation, but its impact on long- and short-term transplant outcomes is unclear. We conducted a systematic literature search for studies published from 2007 to 2020 investigating the association between DGF and posttransplant outcomes. Forest plots stratified between center studies and registry studies were created with pooled odds ratios. Posttransplant outcomes including graft failure, acute rejection, patient mortality, and kidney function were analyzed. Of the 3422 articles reviewed, 38 papers were included in this meta-analysis. In single-center studies, patients who experienced DGF had increased graft failure (odds ratio [OR] 3.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.85-6.17; <i>P</i> < 0.01), acute allograft rejection (OR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.30-2.61; <i>P</i> < 0.01), and mortality (OR 2.32; 95% CI, 1.53-3.50; <i>P</i> < 0.01) at 1-y posttransplant. Registry studies showed increased graft failure (OR 3.66; 95% CI, 3.04-4.40; <i>P</i> < 0.01) and acute rejection (OR 3.24; 95% CI, 1.88-5.59; <i>P</i> < 0.01) but not mortality (OR 2.27; 95% CI, 0.97-5.34; <i>P</i> = 0.06) at 1-y posttransplant. DGF was associated with increased odds of graft failure, acute rejection, and mortality. These results in this meta-analysis could help inform the selection process, treatment, and monitoring of transplanted kidneys at high risk of DGF.