Design and Evaluation of Dynamic Topology for Mega Constellation Networks

Due to numerous Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites, urgent analysis of many temporary inter-satellite links (ISLs) is necessary for mega constellation networks. Therefore, introducing a dynamic link in topology design is crucial for increasing constellation redundancy and improving routing options. This study presents one class of static topology of satellites (STLS) and two types of dynamic topology of satellites (DTLS). Firstly, a call model based on global population density distribution is determined using world population density by provincial administrative divisions. Then, using a common simulation platform, the Dijkstra algorithm obtains random paths between 10,000 pairs of urban ground stations, adopting a time slice division strategy. Finally, 3 indexes are obtained within 66-time slices: average call distance, number of hops, and total time delay. Results show that DTLS1 reduces these indexes by 3.58%, 3.72%, and 3.57%, respectively, compared with DTLS2 under the same conditions, indicating that DTLS1 has the best network performance, transmitting traffic quickly in any direction through the reverse track, thereby verifying the related hypothesis.