Comparative analysis of the distance learning implementation in Ukrainian system of higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law

The pandemic has globally changed the landscape of the educational system in most countries of the world, including Ukraine. Their educational systems have faced massive challenges in distance learning implementation. However, in addition to the destructive impact of the pandemic, Ukraine has a more serious problem in the form of a full-scale invasion by the Russian army. In the conditions of the active phase of the conflict, it is extremely problematic to conduct full-time classes, especially for higher education establishments. Therefore, distance learning technology is of particular importance for Ukraine. This research investigates the situation of distance learning implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law in Ukrainian system of higher education. Questions regarding the features of the distance learning development in Ukrainian universities and comparative analyses of key aspects of the distance learning implementation within two destructive phenomena (pandemic and war), are raised. The results clarify the historical background of the distance learning development in the Ukrainian system of higher education, general trends and the main problematic aspects of its implementation. The study makes it possible to more comprehensively understand this issue and find the most effective strategy for solving emerging problems.