Assessing absorption-based CO2 capture: Research progress and techno-economic assessment overview

Rapid industrial developments and rising population are mounting concerns, leading to increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resultant climate change. Therefore, to curb such drastic trends, it is necessary to adopt and develop a sustainable environment. Among the most effective ways to lower GHG emissions is carbon capture. Absorption is one of the most mature methods of reducing CO2 due to its high processing capacity, excellent adaptability, and reliability. This study aims to evaluate the most recent advancements in various CO2 capture techniques, with an emphasis on absorption technology. The techno-economic analyses of absorption-based CO2 capture processes were meticulously discussed. These include studies on solvent screening as well as techno-economic analysis methods. Economic estimators such as the payback period, rate of return and net present value are discussed. The research progress in absorption-based capture compared to other separation methods, is elucidated. Advances in the applications of various absorption solvents including aqueous, phase change solvents and deep eutectic solvents are presented. Finally, key recommendations are provided to tackle the challenges for efficient utilization of the absorption technique.