A Comprehensive Review and Performance Evaluation of Bidirectional Charger Topologies for V2G/G2V Operations in EV Applications

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is a promising technology that allows electric vehicles (EVs) to function as distributed energy resources (DERs), assisting peak load shaving, reactive power assistance, load balancing, and power stability. The V2G technology increases the demand for bidirectional power flow between the EV battery and ac grid. It can be realized with the help of bidirectional power electronic converters. This article presents a comprehensive review of bidirectional power factor correction (PFC) and dc–dc converter topologies for V2G/grid-to-vehicle (G2V) operation. The performance of each considered converter topology is evaluated using a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) setup at low-power and high-power operating conditions. The performance of PFC topologies is verified by evaluating the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the grid current. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the presented converter topologies is carried-out considering efficiency and THD. This article is intended to be a helpful resource for selecting suitable bidirectional chargers.